From 539282bef83ea19030aa0caf5f93628a9d0551b6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: thepaperpilot <thepaperpilot@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 16 May 2023 23:38:31 -0500
Subject: [PATCH] Improve error handling

---
 src/App.vue                     |  39 ++--
 src/components/Error.vue        | 103 +++++++++++
 src/components/Layer.vue        |  21 ++-
 src/data/common.tsx             |   2 +-
 src/features/tabs/tabFamily.ts  |   3 +-
 src/game/formulas/formulas.ts   |  39 ++--
 src/game/formulas/operations.ts | 315 +++++++++++++++++++++-----------
 src/game/layers.tsx             |   4 +-
 src/game/persistence.ts         |  17 +-
 src/game/state.ts               |   7 +-
 src/main.ts                     |  27 ++-
 src/util/proxies.ts             |   2 +-
 12 files changed, 424 insertions(+), 155 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/components/Error.vue

diff --git a/src/App.vue b/src/App.vue
index 9613f04..6a365ef 100644
--- a/src/App.vue
+++ b/src/App.vue
@@ -1,18 +1,25 @@
 <template>
-    <div id="modal-root" :style="theme" />
-    <div class="app" :style="theme" :class="{ useHeader }">
-        <Nav v-if="useHeader" />
-        <Game />
-        <TPS v-if="unref(showTPS)" />
-        <GameOverScreen />
-        <NaNScreen />
-        <component :is="gameComponent" />
-    </div>
+    <div v-if="appErrors.length > 0" class="error-container" :style="theme"><Error :errors="appErrors" /></div>
+    <template v-else>
+        <div id="modal-root" :style="theme" />
+        <div class="app" :style="theme" :class="{ useHeader }">
+            <Nav v-if="useHeader" />
+            <Game />
+            <TPS v-if="unref(showTPS)" />
+            <GameOverScreen />
+            <NaNScreen />
+            <component :is="gameComponent" />
+        </div>
+    </template>
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="tsx">
+import "@fontsource/roboto-mono";
+import Error from "components/Error.vue";
 import { jsx } from "features/feature";
+import state from "game/state";
 import { coerceComponent, render } from "util/vue";
+import { CSSProperties, watch } from "vue";
 import { computed, toRef, unref } from "vue";
 import Game from "./components/Game.vue";
 import GameOverScreen from "./components/GameOverScreen.vue";
@@ -23,12 +30,11 @@ import projInfo from "./data/projInfo.json";
 import themes from "./data/themes";
 import settings, { gameComponents } from "./game/settings";
 import "./main.css";
-import "@fontsource/roboto-mono";
-import type { CSSProperties } from "vue";
 
 const useHeader = projInfo.useHeader;
 const theme = computed(() => themes[settings.theme].variables as CSSProperties);
 const showTPS = toRef(settings, "showTPS");
+const appErrors = toRef(state, "errors");
 
 const gameComponent = computed(() => {
     return coerceComponent(jsx(() => (<>{gameComponents.map(render)}</>)));
@@ -51,4 +57,15 @@ const gameComponent = computed(() => {
     height: 100%;
     color: var(--foreground);
 }
+
+.error-container {
+    background: var(--background);
+    overflow: auto;
+    width: 100%;
+    height: 100%;
+}
+
+.error-container > .error {
+    position: static;
+}
 </style>
diff --git a/src/components/Error.vue b/src/components/Error.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19b6fe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/Error.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+<template>
+    <div class="error">
+        <h1 class="error-title">{{ firstError.name }}: {{ firstError.message }}</h1>
+        <div class="error-details" style="margin-top: -10px">
+            <div v-if="firstError.cause">
+                <div v-for="row in causes[0]" :key="row">{{ row }}</div>
+            </div>
+            <div v-if="firstError.stack" :style="firstError.cause ? 'margin-top: 10px' : ''">
+                <div v-for="row in stacks[0]" :key="row">{{ row }}</div>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+        <div class="instructions">
+            Check the console for more details, and consider sharing it with the developers on
+            <a :href="projInfo.discordLink || 'https://discord.gg/yJ4fjnjU54'" class="discord-link"
+                >discord</a
+            >!<br />
+            <div v-if="errors.length > 1" style="margin-top: 20px"><h3>Other errors</h3></div>
+            <div v-for="(error, i) in errors.slice(1)" :key="i" style="margin-top: 20px">
+                <details class="error-details">
+                    <summary>{{ error.name }}: {{ error.message }}</summary>
+                    <div v-if="error.cause" style="margin-top: 10px">
+                        <div v-for="row in causes[i + 1]" :key="row">{{ row }}</div>
+                    </div>
+                    <div v-if="error.stack" style="margin-top: 10px">
+                        <div v-for="row in stacks[i + 1]" :key="row">{{ row }}</div>
+                    </div>
+                </details>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import projInfo from "data/projInfo.json";
+import player from "game/player";
+import { computed, onMounted } from "vue";
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+    errors: Error[];
+}>();
+
+const firstError = computed(() => props.errors[0]);
+const stacks = computed(() =>
+    props.errors.map(error => (error.stack == null ? [] : error.stack.split("\n")))
+);
+const causes = computed(() =>
+    props.errors.map(error =>
+        error.cause == null
+            ? []
+            : (typeof error.cause === "string" ? error.cause : JSON.stringify(error.cause)).split(
+                  "\n"
+              )
+    )
+);
+
+onMounted(() => {
+    player.autosave = false;
+    player.devSpeed = 0;
+});
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.error {
+    border: solid 10px var(--danger);
+    position: absolute;
+    top: 0;
+    left: 0;
+    right: 0;
+    text-align: left;
+    min-height: calc(100% - 20px);
+    text-align: left;
+    color: var(--foreground);
+}
+
+.error-title {
+    background: var(--danger);
+    color: var(--feature-foreground);
+    display: block;
+    margin: -10px 0 10px 0;
+    position: sticky;
+    top: 0;
+}
+
+.error-details {
+    white-space: nowrap;
+    overflow: auto;
+    padding: 10px;
+    background-color: var(--raised-background);
+}
+
+.instructions {
+    padding: 10px;
+}
+
+.discord-link {
+    display: inline;
+}
+
+summary {
+    cursor: pointer;
+    user-select: none;
+}
+</style>
diff --git a/src/components/Layer.vue b/src/components/Layer.vue
index c00cf8a..1857535 100644
--- a/src/components/Layer.vue
+++ b/src/components/Layer.vue
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 <template>
-    <div class="layer-container" :style="{ '--layer-color': unref(color) }">
+    <ErrorVue v-if="errors.length > 0" :errors="errors" />
+    <div class="layer-container" :style="{ '--layer-color': unref(color) }" v-bind="$attrs" v-else>
         <button v-if="showGoBack" class="goBack" @click="goBack">❌</button>
 
         <button
@@ -28,12 +29,12 @@ import type { CoercableComponent } from "features/feature";
 import type { FeatureNode } from "game/layers";
 import player from "game/player";
 import { computeComponent, computeOptionalComponent, processedPropType, unwrapRef } from "util/vue";
-import type { PropType, Ref } from "vue";
-import { computed, defineComponent, toRefs, unref } from "vue";
+import { PropType, Ref, computed, defineComponent, onErrorCaptured, ref, toRefs, unref } from "vue";
 import Context from "./Context.vue";
+import ErrorVue from "./Error.vue";
 
 export default defineComponent({
-    components: { Context },
+    components: { Context, ErrorVue },
     props: {
         index: {
             type: Number,
@@ -77,13 +78,23 @@ export default defineComponent({
             props.nodes.value = nodes;
         }
 
+        const errors = ref<Error[]>([]);
+        onErrorCaptured((err, instance, info) => {
+            console.warn(`Error caught in "${props.name}" layer`, err, instance, info);
+            errors.value.push(
+                err instanceof Error ? (err as Error) : new Error(JSON.stringify(err))
+            );
+            return false;
+        });
+
         return {
             component,
             minimizedComponent,
             showGoBack,
             updateNodes,
             unref,
-            goBack
+            goBack,
+            errors
         };
     }
 });
diff --git a/src/data/common.tsx b/src/data/common.tsx
index e7a9db0..786afa4 100644
--- a/src/data/common.tsx
+++ b/src/data/common.tsx
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ export function createFormulaPreview(
     const processedShowPreview = convertComputable(showPreview);
     const processedPreviewAmount = convertComputable(previewAmount);
     if (!formula.hasVariable()) {
-        throw new Error("Cannot create formula preview if the formula does not have a variable");
+        console.error("Cannot create formula preview if the formula does not have a variable");
     }
     return jsx(() => {
         if (unref(processedShowPreview)) {
diff --git a/src/features/tabs/tabFamily.ts b/src/features/tabs/tabFamily.ts
index 2ca544b..aa7fafc 100644
--- a/src/features/tabs/tabFamily.ts
+++ b/src/features/tabs/tabFamily.ts
@@ -151,8 +151,7 @@ export function createTabFamily<T extends TabFamilyOptions>(
     optionsFunc?: OptionsFunc<T, BaseTabFamily, GenericTabFamily>
 ): TabFamily<T> {
     if (Object.keys(tabs).length === 0) {
-        console.warn("Cannot create tab family with 0 tabs");
-        throw new Error("Cannot create tab family with 0 tabs");
+        console.error("Cannot create tab family with 0 tabs");
     }
 
     const selected = persistent(Object.keys(tabs)[0], false);
diff --git a/src/game/formulas/formulas.ts b/src/game/formulas/formulas.ts
index 144dc0d..37410cb 100644
--- a/src/game/formulas/formulas.ts
+++ b/src/game/formulas/formulas.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { Resource } from "features/resources/resource";
 import { NonPersistent } from "game/persistence";
 import Decimal, { DecimalSource, format } from "util/bignum";
 import { Computable, ProcessedComputable, convertComputable } from "util/computed";
-import { ComputedRef, Ref, computed, ref, unref } from "vue";
+import { Ref, computed, ref, unref } from "vue";
 import * as ops from "./operations";
 import type {
     EvaluateFunction,
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export abstract class InternalFormula<T extends [FormulaSource] | FormulaSource[
 
     private setupConstant({ inputs }: { inputs: [FormulaSource] }): InternalFormulaProperties<T> {
         if (inputs.length !== 1) {
-            throw new Error("Evaluate function is required if inputs is not length 1");
+            console.error("Evaluate function is required if inputs is not length 1");
         }
         return {
             inputs: inputs as T,
@@ -250,7 +250,8 @@ export abstract class InternalFormula<T extends [FormulaSource] | FormulaSource[
                 }
                 return lhs.invert(value);
             }
-            throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+            console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+            return 0;
         }
         return new Formula({
             inputs: [value],
@@ -294,7 +295,8 @@ export abstract class InternalFormula<T extends [FormulaSource] | FormulaSource[
                 !formula.isInvertible() ||
                 (elseFormula != null && !elseFormula.isInvertible())
             ) {
-                throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+                console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+                return 0;
             }
             if (unref(processedCondition)) {
                 return lhs.invert(formula.invert(value));
@@ -1260,7 +1262,8 @@ export default class Formula<
         } else if (this.inputs.length === 1 && this.hasVariable()) {
             return value;
         }
-        throw new Error("Cannot invert non-invertible formula");
+        console.error("Cannot invert non-invertible formula");
+        return 0;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1270,7 +1273,8 @@ export default class Formula<
      */
     evaluateIntegral(variable?: DecimalSource): DecimalSource {
         if (!this.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Cannot evaluate integral of formula without integral");
+            console.error("Cannot evaluate integral of formula without integral");
+            return 0;
         }
         return this.getIntegralFormula().evaluate(variable);
     }
@@ -1282,7 +1286,8 @@ export default class Formula<
      */
     invertIntegral(value: DecimalSource): DecimalSource {
         if (!this.isIntegrable() || !this.getIntegralFormula().isInvertible()) {
-            throw new Error("Cannot invert integral of formula without invertible integral");
+            console.error("Cannot invert integral of formula without invertible integral");
+            return 0;
         }
         return (this.getIntegralFormula() as InvertibleFormula).invert(value);
     }
@@ -1309,7 +1314,8 @@ export default class Formula<
                 // We're the complex operation of this formula
                 stack = [];
                 if (this.internalIntegrate == null) {
-                    throw new Error("Cannot integrate formula with non-integrable operation");
+                    console.error("Cannot integrate formula with non-integrable operation");
+                    return Formula.constant(0);
                 }
                 let value = this.internalIntegrate.call(this, stack, ...this.inputs);
                 stack.forEach(func => (value = func(value)));
@@ -1329,14 +1335,15 @@ export default class Formula<
                 ) {
                     this.integralFormula = this;
                 } else {
-                    throw new Error("Cannot integrate formula without variable");
+                    console.error("Cannot integrate formula without variable");
+                    return Formula.constant(0);
                 }
             }
             return this.integralFormula;
         } else {
             // "Inner" part of the formula
             if (this.applySubstitution == null) {
-                throw new Error("Cannot have two complex operations in an integrable formula");
+                console.error("Cannot have two complex operations in an integrable formula");
             }
             stack.push((variable: GenericFormula) =>
                 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion
@@ -1353,7 +1360,8 @@ export default class Formula<
             ) {
                 return this;
             } else {
-                throw new Error("Cannot integrate formula without variable");
+                console.error("Cannot integrate formula without variable");
+                return Formula.constant(0);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -1429,9 +1437,10 @@ export function calculateMaxAffordable(
         let affordable;
         if (unref(computedSpendResources)) {
             if (!formula.isIntegrable() || !formula.isIntegralInvertible()) {
-                throw new Error(
+                console.error(
                     "Cannot calculate max affordable of formula with non-invertible integral"
                 );
+                return 0;
             }
             affordable = Decimal.floor(
                 formula.invertIntegral(Decimal.add(resource.value, formula.evaluateIntegral()))
@@ -1441,7 +1450,8 @@ export function calculateMaxAffordable(
             }
         } else {
             if (!formula.isInvertible()) {
-                throw new Error("Cannot calculate max affordable of non-invertible formula");
+                console.error("Cannot calculate max affordable of non-invertible formula");
+                return 0;
             }
             affordable = Decimal.floor(formula.invert(resource.value));
             if (summedPurchases == null) {
@@ -1501,9 +1511,10 @@ export function calculateCost(
     if (spendResources) {
         if (Decimal.gt(amountToBuy, summedPurchases)) {
             if (!formula.isIntegrable()) {
-                throw new Error(
+                console.error(
                     "Cannot calculate cost with spending resources of non-integrable formula"
                 );
+                return 0;
             }
             cost = Decimal.sub(formula.evaluateIntegral(newValue), formula.evaluateIntegral());
         }
diff --git a/src/game/formulas/operations.ts b/src/game/formulas/operations.ts
index 0e39d58..56b2af1 100644
--- a/src/game/formulas/operations.ts
+++ b/src/game/formulas/operations.ts
@@ -12,17 +12,20 @@ export function invertNeg(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.neg(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateNeg(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         return Formula.neg(lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function applySubstitutionNeg(value: GenericFormula) {
@@ -35,24 +38,28 @@ export function invertAdd(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: Formula
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return rhs.invert(Decimal.sub(value, unrefFormulaSource(lhs)));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateAdd(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.times(rhs, lhs.innermostVariable ?? 0).add(x);
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         if (!rhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = rhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.times(lhs, rhs.innermostVariable ?? 0).add(x);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function integrateInnerAdd(
@@ -62,18 +69,21 @@ export function integrateInnerAdd(
 ) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.add(x, rhs);
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         if (!rhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = rhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.add(x, lhs);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertSub(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
@@ -82,24 +92,28 @@ export function invertSub(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: Formula
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return rhs.invert(Decimal.sub(unrefFormulaSource(lhs), value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateSub(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.sub(x, Formula.times(rhs, lhs.innermostVariable ?? 0));
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         if (!rhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = rhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.times(lhs, rhs.innermostVariable ?? 0).sub(x);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function integrateInnerSub(
@@ -109,18 +123,21 @@ export function integrateInnerSub(
 ) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.sub(x, rhs);
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         if (!rhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = rhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.sub(x, lhs);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertMul(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
@@ -129,24 +146,28 @@ export function invertMul(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: Formula
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return rhs.invert(Decimal.div(value, unrefFormulaSource(lhs)));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateMul(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.times(x, rhs);
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         if (!rhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = rhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.times(x, lhs);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function applySubstitutionMul(
@@ -159,7 +180,8 @@ export function applySubstitutionMul(
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return Formula.div(value, lhs);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not apply substitution due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not apply substitution due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertDiv(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
@@ -168,24 +190,28 @@ export function invertDiv(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: Formula
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return rhs.invert(Decimal.div(unrefFormulaSource(lhs), value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateDiv(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.div(x, rhs);
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         if (!rhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = rhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.div(lhs, x);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function applySubstitutionDiv(
@@ -198,32 +224,37 @@ export function applySubstitutionDiv(
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return Formula.mul(value, lhs);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not apply substitution due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not apply substitution due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertRecip(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.recip(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateRecip(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.ln(x);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertLog10(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.pow10(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 function internalIntegrateLog10(lhs: DecimalSource) {
@@ -235,13 +266,15 @@ function internalInvertIntegralLog10(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
         const numerator = ln10.times(value);
         return lhs.invert(numerator.div(numerator.div(Math.E).lambertw()));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateLog10(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         return new Formula({
             inputs: [lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack)],
@@ -249,7 +282,8 @@ export function integrateLog10(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
             invert: internalInvertIntegralLog10
         });
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertLog(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
@@ -258,7 +292,8 @@ export function invertLog(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: Formula
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return rhs.invert(Decimal.root(unrefFormulaSource(lhs), value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 function internalIntegrateLog(lhs: DecimalSource, rhs: DecimalSource) {
@@ -270,13 +305,15 @@ function internalInvertIntegralLog(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs
         const numerator = Decimal.ln(unrefFormulaSource(rhs)).times(value);
         return lhs.invert(numerator.div(numerator.div(Math.E).lambertw()));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateLog(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         return new Formula({
             inputs: [lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack), rhs],
@@ -284,14 +321,16 @@ export function integrateLog(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs:
             invert: internalInvertIntegralLog
         });
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertLog2(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.pow(2, value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 function internalIntegrateLog2(lhs: DecimalSource) {
@@ -303,13 +342,15 @@ function internalInvertIntegralLog2(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
         const numerator = Decimal.ln(2).times(value);
         return lhs.invert(numerator.div(numerator.div(Math.E).lambertw()));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateLog2(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         return new Formula({
             inputs: [lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack)],
@@ -317,14 +358,16 @@ export function integrateLog2(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
             invert: internalInvertIntegralLog2
         });
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertLn(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.exp(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 function internalIntegrateLn(lhs: DecimalSource) {
@@ -335,13 +378,15 @@ function internalInvertIntegralLn(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.div(value, Decimal.div(value, Math.E).lambertw()));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateLn(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         return new Formula({
             inputs: [lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack)],
@@ -349,7 +394,8 @@ export function integrateLn(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
             invert: internalInvertIntegralLn
         });
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertPow(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
@@ -358,43 +404,50 @@ export function invertPow(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: Formula
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return rhs.invert(Decimal.ln(value).div(Decimal.ln(unrefFormulaSource(lhs))));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integratePow(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         const pow = Formula.add(rhs, 1);
         return Formula.pow(x, pow).div(pow);
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         if (!rhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = rhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.pow(lhs, x).div(Formula.ln(lhs));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertPow10(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.root(value, 10));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integratePow10(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.pow10(x).div(Formula.ln(10));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertPowBase(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
@@ -403,25 +456,29 @@ export function invertPowBase(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: For
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return rhs.invert(Decimal.root(unrefFormulaSource(lhs), value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integratePowBase(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.pow(rhs, x).div(Formula.ln(rhs));
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         if (!rhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = rhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         const denominator = Formula.add(lhs, 1);
         return Formula.pow(x, denominator).div(denominator);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertRoot(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
@@ -430,36 +487,42 @@ export function invertRoot(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: Formul
     } else if (hasVariable(rhs)) {
         return rhs.invert(Decimal.ln(unrefFormulaSource(lhs)).div(Decimal.ln(value)));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateRoot(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.pow(x, Formula.recip(rhs).add(1)).times(rhs).div(Formula.add(rhs, 1));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertExp(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.ln(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateExp(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.exp(x);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function tetrate(
@@ -481,7 +544,8 @@ export function invertTetrate(
         return base.invert(Decimal.ssqrt(value));
     }
     // Other params can't be inverted ATM
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function iteratedexp(
@@ -509,7 +573,8 @@ export function invertIteratedExp(
         );
     }
     // Other params can't be inverted ATM
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function iteratedLog(
@@ -533,7 +598,8 @@ export function invertSlog(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource, rhs: Formul
         );
     }
     // Other params can't be inverted ATM
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function layeradd(value: DecimalSource, diff: DecimalSource, base: DecimalSource) {
@@ -556,21 +622,24 @@ export function invertLayeradd(
         );
     }
     // Other params can't be inverted ATM
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function invertLambertw(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.pow(Math.E, value).times(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function invertSsqrt(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.tetrate(value, 2));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function pentate(value: DecimalSource, height: DecimalSource, payload: DecimalSource) {
@@ -582,226 +651,262 @@ export function invertSin(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.asin(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateSin(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.cos(x).neg();
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertCos(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.acos(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateCos(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.sin(x);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertTan(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.atan(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateTan(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.cos(x).ln().neg();
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertAsin(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.sin(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateAsin(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.asin(x)
             .times(x)
             .add(Formula.sqrt(Formula.sub(1, Formula.pow(x, 2))));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertAcos(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.cos(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateAcos(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.acos(x)
             .times(x)
             .sub(Formula.sqrt(Formula.sub(1, Formula.pow(x, 2))));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertAtan(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.tan(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateAtan(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.atan(x)
             .times(x)
             .sub(Formula.ln(Formula.pow(x, 2).add(1)).div(2));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertSinh(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.asinh(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateSinh(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.cosh(x);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertCosh(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.acosh(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateCosh(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.sinh(x);
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertTanh(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.atanh(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateTanh(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.cosh(x).ln();
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertAsinh(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.sinh(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateAsinh(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.asinh(x).times(x).sub(Formula.pow(x, 2).add(1).sqrt());
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertAcosh(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.cosh(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateAcosh(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.acosh(x)
             .times(x)
             .sub(Formula.add(x, 1).sqrt().times(Formula.sub(x, 1).sqrt()));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function invertAtanh(value: DecimalSource, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         return lhs.invert(Decimal.tanh(value));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not invert due to no input being a variable");
+    return 0;
 }
 
 export function integrateAtanh(stack: SubstitutionStack, lhs: FormulaSource) {
     if (hasVariable(lhs)) {
         if (!lhs.isIntegrable()) {
-            throw new Error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            console.error("Could not integrate due to variable not being integrable");
+            return Formula.constant(0);
         }
         const x = lhs.getIntegralFormula(stack);
         return Formula.atanh(x)
             .times(x)
             .add(Formula.sub(1, Formula.pow(x, 2)).ln().div(2));
     }
-    throw new Error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    console.error("Could not integrate due to no input being a variable");
+    return Formula.constant(0);
 }
 
 export function createPassthroughBinaryFormula(
diff --git a/src/game/layers.tsx b/src/game/layers.tsx
index 6294592..bbb6079 100644
--- a/src/game/layers.tsx
+++ b/src/game/layers.tsx
@@ -225,7 +225,9 @@ export function createLayer<T extends LayerOptions>(
             addingLayers[addingLayers.length - 1] == null ||
             addingLayers[addingLayers.length - 1] !== id
         ) {
-            throw `Adding layers stack in invalid state. This should not happen\nStack: ${addingLayers}\nTrying to pop ${layer.id}`;
+            throw new Error(
+                `Adding layers stack in invalid state. This should not happen\nStack: ${addingLayers}\nTrying to pop ${layer.id}`
+            );
         }
         addingLayers.pop();
 
diff --git a/src/game/persistence.ts b/src/game/persistence.ts
index a61d9cf..e760411 100644
--- a/src/game/persistence.ts
+++ b/src/game/persistence.ts
@@ -116,12 +116,7 @@ function checkNaNAndWrite<T extends State>(persistent: Persistent<T>, value: T)
             state.NaNPath = persistent[SaveDataPath];
             state.NaNPersistent = persistent as Persistent<DecimalSource>;
         }
-        console.error(
-            `Attempted to save NaN value to`,
-            persistent[SaveDataPath]?.join("."),
-            persistent
-        );
-        throw new Error("Attempted to set NaN value. See above for details");
+        console.error(`Attempted to save NaN value to ${persistent[SaveDataPath]?.join(".")}`);
     }
     persistent[PersistentState].value = value;
 }
@@ -292,8 +287,8 @@ globalBus.on("addLayer", (layer: GenericLayer, saveData: Record<string, unknown>
                                 "."
                             )}\` when it's already present at \`${value[SaveDataPath].join(
                                 "."
-                            )}\`. This can cause unexpected behavior when loading saves between updates.`,
-                            value
+                            )}\`.`,
+                            "This can cause unexpected behavior when loading saves between updates."
                         );
                     }
                     value[SaveDataPath] = newPath;
@@ -368,9 +363,9 @@ globalBus.on("addLayer", (layer: GenericLayer, saveData: Record<string, unknown>
             return;
         }
         console.error(
-            `Created persistent ref in ${layer.id} without registering it to the layer! Make sure to include everything persistent in the returned object`,
-            persistent,
-            "\nCreated at:\n" + persistent[StackTrace]
+            `Created persistent ref in ${layer.id} without registering it to the layer!`,
+            "Make sure to include everything persistent in the returned object.\n\nCreated at:\n" +
+                persistent[StackTrace]
         );
     });
     persistentRefs[layer.id].clear();
diff --git a/src/game/state.ts b/src/game/state.ts
index db71c7b..9e672c3 100644
--- a/src/game/state.ts
+++ b/src/game/state.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { DecimalSource } from "util/bignum";
-import { shallowReactive } from "vue";
+import { reactive, shallowReactive } from "vue";
 import type { Persistent } from "./persistence";
 
 /** An object of global data that is not persistent. */
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ export interface Transient {
     NaNPath?: string[];
     /** The ref that was being set to NaN. */
     NaNPersistent?: Persistent<DecimalSource>;
+    /** List of errors that have occurred, to show the user. */
+    errors: Error[];
 }
 
 declare global {
@@ -24,5 +26,6 @@ declare global {
 export default window.state = shallowReactive<Transient>({
     lastTenTicks: [],
     hasNaN: false,
-    NaNPath: []
+    NaNPath: [],
+    errors: reactive([])
 });
diff --git a/src/main.ts b/src/main.ts
index 38c9ac3..9fb753b 100644
--- a/src/main.ts
+++ b/src/main.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import "@fontsource/material-icons";
 import App from "App.vue";
 import projInfo from "data/projInfo.json";
 import "game/notifications";
+import state from "game/state";
 import { load } from "util/save";
 import { useRegisterSW } from "virtual:pwa-register/vue";
 import type { App as VueApp } from "vue";
@@ -23,11 +24,30 @@ declare global {
     }
 }
 
+const error = console.error;
+console.error = function (...args) {
+    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+        state.errors.push(new Error(args[0], { cause: args[1] }));
+    }
+    error(...args);
+};
+
+window.onerror = function (event, source, lineno, colno, error) {
+    state.errors.push(error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(JSON.stringify(error)));
+    return true;
+};
+window.onunhandledrejection = function (event) {
+    state.errors.push(
+        event.reason instanceof Error ? event.reason : new Error(JSON.stringify(event.reason))
+    );
+};
+
 document.title = projInfo.title;
 window.projInfo = projInfo;
 if (projInfo.id === "") {
-    throw new Error(
-        "Project ID is empty! Please select a unique ID for this project in /src/data/projInfo.json"
+    console.error(
+        "Project ID is empty!",
+        "Please select a unique ID for this project in /src/data/projInfo.json"
     );
 }
 
@@ -43,6 +63,9 @@ requestAnimationFrame(async () => {
 
     // Create Vue
     const vue = (window.vue = createApp(App));
+    vue.config.errorHandler = function (err, instance, info) {
+        console.error(err, info, instance);
+    };
     globalBus.emit("setupVue", vue);
     vue.mount("#app");
 
diff --git a/src/util/proxies.ts b/src/util/proxies.ts
index f712470..ed5d4ac 100644
--- a/src/util/proxies.ts
+++ b/src/util/proxies.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export function createLazyProxy<T extends object, S extends T>(
     function calculateObj(): T {
         if (!calculated) {
             if (calculating) {
-                throw new Error("Cyclical dependency detected. Cannot evaluate lazy proxy.");
+                console.error("Cyclical dependency detected. Cannot evaluate lazy proxy.");
             }
             calculating = true;
             Object.assign(obj, objectFunc.call(obj, obj));